Literature is the greatest human property. It is
generally known that Russian literature is one of the most voluminous in the
world. A. Pushkin, I. Turgenev, I. Goncharov, L. Tolstoy, F. Dostoevsky, A.
Chekhov are the leaders of the world classical literature. They set a pattern
for language, subject matter, and narrative techniques of Russian and world
literature. Their works attract readers even today, because everybody can find
something special there. Leo Tolstoy and Feodor Dostoevsky are recognised as
the best Russian writers. They give a realistic picture of the Russian society
of the 19-th century. Their characters do not always know what they really
want, and when they think they do know, the fate breaks their illusions. Moral
issues are raised in Tolstoy's and Dostoevsky's works. The end of the 19-th
century was dominated by Anton Chekhov. He contributed to two genres: short
stories and drama. His short stories are really short, but powerful. They make
people laugh and cry at the same time. Some of his stories may seem very cruel,
but Chekhov simply reflected the Russian life in his prose. His plays are not
numerous, but they are really outstanding. "The Cherry Orchard" is
his best known play. It is an emotional drama of the decline of a Russian noble
family, which shares the fate of the Russian nation.
I also like British literature. My favourite writer is
Oscar Wilde. His reputation as a dramatist rests on his comic masterpiece
"The Importance of Being Earnest". Within the social intrigues and
artificial devices to resolve conflict, Wilde used his wit to create a form of
comedy new to the English theatre. Oscar Wilde was the representative of the
late 19-th century Aesthetic movement in England. It proclaimed art for art's
sake. Wilde was born in Ireland; he went to Trinity College in Dublin, and
later continued his education at Oxford. During the years of study Wilde
distinguished himself not only as a classical scholar, but also as a poet by
winning the popular prize for his poem. In the early 1880s Wilde established
himself in social and artistic circles. His most powerful novel is "The
Picture of Dorian Gray." In this novel Wilde shows the darkest corners of
a man's soul. The author's message can be interpreted in the following way: a
person who loves only himself will never be able to realise himself. America
gave the world many great writers. Mark Twain, Edgar Allan Рое, and Walt Whitman dominated in the 19-th century
literature. The great American writers of the 20-th century were Ernest
Hemingway, William Faulkner, and Francis Scott Fitzgerald.My favourite American
writer is Edgar Allan Рое. Не was an outstanding poet and a short story writer. In
Europe Рое was considered the only American poet of
significance, the one who created literary works of many varied forms. Рое expressed his deep and sincere feelings in his poems.
Edgar Allan Рое
is mostly remembered for establishing new symbolic poetry. The
"Raven" is his best known poem. The poet used symbols, following the
ancient traditions. It is the ancient poetry that helped him to find the
unusual rhythm. The symbolic meaning of the "Raven" is unclear; raven
is a symbol of eternal life as well as the herald of death. Numerous readers in
the United States and other countries admire Poe's short stories. He was the
inventor of the detective stories that became very popular in the 20-th
century. Рое
won recognition and admiration of the Russian readers very quickly. "The
Gold Bug", one of Poe's best stories, was published in the United States
in 1843 and in 1847 it was translated into Russian. Poe's poetry had tremendous
influence on the Russian poets of thebeginning of the 20-th century. Such
outstanding Russian poets as Balmont and Brusov admired Poe's poetry. They
translated his poems into Russian, and used his motives in their lyrics.
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